Amazon’s Ring subsidiary doesn’t just make the wireless security cameras — it also accesses police data to alert residents of potential crimes, encourages users to share recordings of suspicious behavior themselves and connects them with law enforcement.
Posted inSurveillance technology|Comments Off on CNBC: Amazon is developing high-tech surveillance tools for an eager customer: America’s police
Most mobile calls around the world are made over the Global System for Mobile Communications standard; in the US, GSM underpins any call made over AT&T or T-Mobile’s network. But at the DefCon security conference in Las Vegas on Saturday, researchers from the BlackBerry are presenting an attack that can intercept GSM calls as they’re transmitted over the air and decrypt them to listen back to what was said. And the vulnerability has been around for decades.
An autonomous police robot patrolling the streets of Huntington Park, California is scanning license plates, logging IP addresses, and using facial recognition technology that alerts cops to the presence of ‘blacklisted’ passersby. Details of the contraption’s capabilities were confirmed through a Freedom of Information Act request by MuckRock, a nonprofit FOIA clearinghouse in Boston.
Posted inSurveillance technology|Comments Off on Quartz: A California police robot is flagging “blacklisted” people and cars
There was no reasonable suspicion of drug activity with defendant’s car in a Wendy’s parking lot at 1 pm. An anonymous caller concerned about “drug activity” called the police and reported that people walked up to the car, talked to defendant, and then walked away. When police got there, they noticed nothing awry and the car was legally parked. Navarette doesn’t help the state: “We have commented that ‘Navarette adds nothing to standards Ohio has long applied.’” State v. Collier, 2019-Ohio-3197, 2019 Ohio App. LEXIS 3277 (2d Dist. Aug. 9, 2019).
The officers’ encounter with defendant was in a high crime area known for armed drug traffickers were he asked two men just to lift their shirts; one did and the other didn’t. The one who didn’t, defendant, was known to the police to have been arrested for trespassing there before (although he didn’t know the trespassing charge had been dismissed). He told him too, and the outline of a gun was seen. The court credits the officer and sustains the search. United States v. Peters, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 134353 (E.D. Va. Aug. 9, 2019).*
Posted inReasonable suspicion|Comments Off on OH2: No RS for stop of driver parked in car in Wendy’s parking lot at 1pm that others came up to
In a forfeiture case initiated with a search warrant, defects in the warrant process denied the government resort to the good faith exception for failure to apprise all the officers what they were looking for and not attaching exhibits to the warrant for clarification. There was summary judgment as to part, then it was tried to a jury, and then this appeal. In re 650 Fifth Ave. & Related Props., 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23769 (2d Cir. Aug. 9, 2019), prior appeal 830 F.3d 66 (2d Cir. 2016): Continue reading →
Throwing a black pouch onto the roof of a building in flight from the police as he climbed over a fence was abandonment. United States v. Gaines, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 134303 (D. Kan. Aug. 9, 2019).*
The search warrant here specifically authorized search of any vehicle parked on the curtilage. Even if it hadn’t, the normal rule is that they can. Price v. State, 2019 Fla. App. LEXIS 12220 (Fla. 4th DCA Aug. 8, 2019).*
There was probable cause shown for issuance of the search warrant for defendant’s truck. State v. Scullin, 2019-Ohio-3186, 2019 Ohio App. LEXIS 3299 (8th Dist. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Posted inAbandonment, Scope of search|Comments Off on D.Kan. Throwing a pouch onto a roof when climbing a fence in flight from the police is abandonment
This second recusal motion looks like defendant is just trying to get rehearing of the denial of his motion to suppress in front of a different judge, and it’s denied. United States v. Williamson, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133111 (D. Kan. Aug. 8, 2019).
The stop was prolonged with reasonable suspicion on the totality. Part of it was six month old information of drug trafficking, but, coupled with what they were seeing, that tended to show a potential pattern. United States v. Thompson, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23665 (5th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Fourth Amendment false imprisonment claim accrues when arraigned. This was filed six years later, and the statute of limitations is two. Wilson v. Reid, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23667 (10th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Defendant’s post-conviction petition seeking to apply Carpenter is denied. It’s a successor petition and untimely, and Carpenter isn’t shown to be retroactive. State v. Teitelbaum, 2019-Ohio-3175, 2019 Ohio App. LEXIS 3268 (10th Dist. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Defendant consented to talk to the Vanderbilt University Police about a rape with a plastic bottle of an unconscious student that somebody took a cell phone video of. There were plenty of armed officers in the building when he came in, but that doesn’t make it nonconsensual. [There was corroborative surveillance video from the hallways of the dorms. “When Captain Harville reviewed the June 23, 2013 surveillance footage from multiple cameras in Gillette Hall, a dormitory for athletes on Vanderbilt’s campus, he observed “four males carrying an unconscious female into Gillette Hall.’” Cell phone and computer search warrants produced numerous pictures of the victim and several of the defendant’s touching or penetrating her. State v. Vandenburg, 2019 Tenn. Crim. App. LEXIS 468 (Aug. 8, 2019)* (the opinion is 131 single spaced pages).
Allowing defendant’s vehicle to be taken by another instead of impounding it was within the officer’s discretion. At first he said he would do that, then changed his mind. That doesn’t make the inventory unreasonable. United States v. Sibert, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23686 (11th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
The search warrant for defendant’s house and computers was issued with probable cause and was particular. Somebody had seen it. United States v. Chiu, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133180 (D. Mass. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Past reliability of the CI with corroboration was probable cause here. United States v. Keeling, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23677 (6th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Posted inInformant hearsay, Inventory|Comments Off on CA11: Officer has discretion to let another take vehicle or impound it with inventory, and he can change his mind
In a felon in possession case, there was a prior illegal search by state troopers. ATF picked up the case immediately and applied for a search warrant that included the information from the illegal search, and there was independent evidence for probable cause. United States v. Kuzmin, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23704 (9th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
The officer could order defendant out of the car on a traffic stop. The officer could see a firearm sticking out from under the seat in plain view. United States v. Jenkins, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23706 (9th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
The stop was extended in part because the officer had to manually entered insurance information into the police car’s computer. Thus, the stop was not extended unreasonably [20 minutes? Court erroneously applies the de minimus standard rejected in Rodriguez.] United States v. Gholston, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133333 (C.D. Ill. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Defendant was accused of a murder. The state got a search warrant for the victim’s Instagram account, and he moved to suppress. [Remember, Louisiana gives broad standing, but, still] He has no reasonable expectation of privacy in the place searched. State v. Johnson, 2019 La. App. LEXIS 1389 (La. App. 4 Cir. Aug. 7, 2019).
When the car defendant was in was stopped, the officer recognized him as a guy suspected of theft of two firearms the day before. Therefore, a frisk was proper. United States v. Harvey, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133661 (W.D. Mo. July 19, 2019).*
The affidavit for seizure of a child by protective services was allegedly defective. Adding in the omitted information still shows probable cause, and the defendants get qualified immunity. Marks v. Hudson, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23716 (5th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
All-seeing 24/7 video surveillance technology, first developed for use in war, is now affordable enough to be used domestically to fight crime and terrorism. Some lawmakers are wary.
Posted inSurveillance technology|Comments Off on WSJ: When battlefield surveillance comes to your town
The government’s search incident theory to sustain a search of defendant’s messenger bag days after his arrest is rejected. “The fundamental purpose of the search incident to arrest exception is to ensure safety and safeguard evidence. Neither of these concerns were present at the time Javat’s messenger bag was searched. Nor did any other compelling reason or other exigency exist which would justify bypassing the warrant requirement.” It also cannot be sustained under the community caretaking exception. United States v. Javat, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133453 (S.D. Fla. Aug. 8, 2019).
Defendant’s plea agreement waived any claim to the firearms involved in his case, so he’s not entitled to return under Rule 41(g) because they were forfeited. He attempted transfer to his son. Wilhelm v. United States, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 134316 (E.D. Mo. Aug. 9, 2019).*
On a traffic stop, the officer seeing a meth pipe in the back seat was plain view and probable cause. United States v. Rogers, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 133754 (D. Neb. July 5, 2019),* adopted, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 132405 (D. Neb. Aug. 5, 2019).*
Defendant’s property had been searched in September 2017. Information from that made it to a search warrant issued in October 2018, and it wasn’t stale because of the ongoing nature of the facts. United States v. Harmon, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 131953 (E.D. Pa. Aug. 7, 2019).*
Defendant challenges the probable cause for the stop and then search of his car based on a CI. The court finds that the dog alert was justified and that’s enough, no matter what. State v. Delapp, 2019 Mo. App. LEXIS 1193 (Aug. 7, 2019).*
The city couldn’t be sued because of immunity for a passenger who was seized with the car, and obviously not free to leave, decided to jump in the driver’s seat and took off, crashing into plaintiff. Townsend v. Anderson, 2019 IL App (1st) 180771, 2019 Ill. App. LEXIS 636 (Aug. 7, 2019).*
Posted inProbable cause, Staleness|Comments Off on E.D.Pa.: Information from a Sept. ’17 SW made it into Oct. ’18 SW affidavit and it wasn’t stale becuase of ongoing nature
Defendant was suspected for years of distributing malware on his computer. The government included in the search warrant application information that was three years old. Because it was an ongoing international enterprise, the information in the search warrant wasn’t stale. United States v. McCormick, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 132040 (D.D.C. Aug. 7, 2019) (defendant’s online name was “fubar”).
Defendant gets a two level USSG obstruction enhancement for sending a page of his discovery, a DEA report about execution of a search warrant, to a witness, apparently with the purpose to intimidate. United States v. Douglas, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23551 (11th Cir. Aug. 7, 2019).*
Posted inStaleness|Comments Off on D.D.C.: Including 3 yo info in computer hacking SW application didn’t make it stale; it was ongoing
Petitioner’s IAC claim against defense counsel for not pursuing a Fourth Amendment claim was properly denied for lack of standing on the merits. Virgil v. Sec’y, Dept. of Corrections, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23777 (11th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).*
Defendant’s search claim was known before trial and waived. Onyelobi v. State, 2019 Minn. LEXIS 433 (Aug. 7, 2019).*
Defendant’s Carpenter claim in a new trial motion is denied. Carpenter was four months after trial, and the evidence was admissible under the good faith exception. United States v. Brown, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 131958 (C.D. Cal. Aug. 5, 2019).*
Defendant’s “furtive movement” in the car while talking to the police officer outside the car wasn’t significant enough in the testimony to show that he was secreting something or moving around a weapon. There thus was no objective basis for the frisk. Thornton v. State, 2019 Md. LEXIS 383 (Aug. 7, 2019): Continue reading →
Posted inStop and frisk|Comments Off on MD: Def’s alleged furtive movement while sitting in car wasn’t significant enough to show he was concealing a gun
Plaintiffs stated Art. III standing to bring a class action against Facebook for violation of the Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act. Patel v. Facebook, Inc., 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 23673 (9th Cir. Aug. 8, 2019).* Summary by the court: Continue reading →
Posted inSurveillance technology|Comments Off on CA9: Standing shown to sue Facebook under Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act
"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't." —Me
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well." –Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others)
“I am still learning.” —Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)).
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848)
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced." —Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984).
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence." —Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961).
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987).
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today." — Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property." —Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765)
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment." —United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting)
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth." —Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring).
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable." —Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987)
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected." —Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967)
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.” —United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting)
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.” —United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989)
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need." —Mick Jagger & Keith Richards, Let it Bleed (album, 1969)
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp]
“Children grow up thinking the adult world is ordered, rational, fit for purpose. It’s crap. Becoming a man is realising that it’s all rotten. Realising how to celebrate that rottenness, that’s freedom.” – John le Carré, The Night Manager (1993), line by Richard Roper
"The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime." —Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
The book was dedicated in the first (1982) and sixth (2025) editions to Justin William Hall (1975-2025). He was three when this project started in 1978.