WaPo: These smart TVs were apparently spying on their owners [mere third party data?]

WaPo: These smart TVs were apparently spying on their owners by Hayley Tsukayama.
So, if this is third party data, is it subject to mere subpoena and not a search warrant? Feel free to be creeped out. I have a Vizio.
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Tenth Amendment Center: Montana House Passes Bill Taking on Warrantless Electronic Data Collection

Tenth Amendment Center: Montana House Passes Bill Taking on Warrantless Electronic Data Collection:

HELENA, Mont. (Feb. 7, 2017) – Yesterday, the Montana House passed a bill that would require police to get a warrant in order to obtain electronic communication information from service providers in most cases. Passage of the legislation would not only increase privacy protections in the state, it would also hinder one practical aspect of federal surveillance programs.

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CO: Dog alert for MJ still justifies a search of a car, even in a MMJ and recreational use state

Even in a recreational and medicinal marijuana state, the smell of marijuana picked up by a dog is probable cause including a search of the trunk. The court rejected the claim that the dog would alert on both legal and potentially illegal quantities of marijuana. People v. Cox, 2017 CO 8, 2017 Colo. LEXIS 88 (Feb. 6, 2017), summary by the court:
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CA10: QI applies to suit by driver and his child in car over police shooting driver

Several officers attempted to stop plaintiff at 3:50 am, and he finally stopped. One officer got in front of the car with a shotgun, and the car moved forward. That officer fired two shots from a shotgun at the driver, severely wounding him. Based on all that happened up to that point, particularly the refusal to stop, the court can’t say that this shooting violated clearly established law and qualified immunity applies. The same to getting him out of the car. Plaintiff’s child was in the car right behind him when the shooting occurred. The child’s claim is also barred by qualified immunity. Carabajal v. City of Cheyenne, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 2084 (10th Cir. Feb. 6, 2017):
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Nervousness and reasonable suspicion

“By now, Deputy Kolbe was confronted with conflicting stories that, individually and collectively, defied common sense and reason. He had accumulated substantial observations of their suspicious behavior, beginning before he initiated the traffic stop and extending through the signs of acute nervousness [describing the female as a “nervous wreck”] that they displayed upon questioning.” United States v. Lopez, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10252 (S.D.Ala. Jan. 24, 2017).*

Similarly, defendant’s odd behavior during the traffic stop showed he was focused on something other than what the officer was talking to him about and was nervousness. United States v. Rittingger, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10160 (N.D.Tex. Jan. 25, 2017).*

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WaPo: New York Court of Appeals to hear argument in ‘In re 381 Search Warrants’ case

WaPo: New York Court of Appeals to hear argument in ‘In re 381 Search Warrants’ case by Orin Kerr:
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NE: Automobile exception depends upon its mobility, not on def’s ability to move it

The automobile depends only on the mobility of the vehicle and not on whether defendant could be the one moving it. Even if he’s in custody, the vehicle is still movable. State v. Rocha, 295 Neb. 716, 2017 Neb. LEXIS 18 (Feb. 3, 2017)
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W.D.Tex.: A cell phone may be searched under the border search exception [CA5 to decide soon]

A cell phone may be searched under the border search exception. While the Fifth Circuit hasn’t decided the issue yet, it soon will be [see quoted n.4, infra]. United States v. Molina-Isidoro, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 183368 (W.D. Tex. Oct. 7, 2016):
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NACDL Press Release: Nation’s Criminal Defense Bar Welcomes Passage by House of Representatives of the Email Privacy Act

NACDL Press Release: Nation’s Criminal Defense Bar Welcomes Passage by House of Representatives of the Email Privacy Act
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CA1: No curtilage in def’s apt building yard

Defendant’s curtilage to an apartment building wasn’t violated by police entry through an unlocked back gate to get to the front door. (That apparently was a common way in.) Defendant came to the door and let them in, and then there was consent. United States v. Pérez-Díaz, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 2036 (1st Cir. Feb. 3, 2017).

The officer had probable cause to stop plaintiff for driving a bicycle without a headlamp at night, and that led to a resisting without violence charge. There was no clear Fourth Amendment violation, and qualified immunity applies. Montanez v. City of Orlando, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1857 (11th Cir. Feb. 2, 2017).*

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CA7: Def had no standing in a car shipped by car hauler being delivered to him that he’d never seen

Defendant had no standing in a car being shipped by a car hauler across the country when it was searched in transit. He was named neither the sender nor the recipient, and he had never been in or seen the car until it was delivered to him. When arrested, he admitted to using the name on the shipping, and he said he was delivering the car to somebody else and he knew that there was methamphetamine in the car. United States v. Covarrubias, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1929 (7th Cir. Feb. 3, 2017).

Defendant broke down on an interstate highway in Texas, and he started walking. An officer saw him from the other lane, crossed the median, and drove up to him, turning on the overhead lights for safety. Defendant didn’t stop and walked past him. Defendant was asked if he needed help, and he seemed “nervous and jittery.” He put his hands in his pockets but removed them when told. Defendant’s frisk was without reasonable suspicion, and it is suppressed. United States v. Monsivais, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1910 (5th Cir. Feb. 2, 2017).*

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WY also sees the Columbo-gambit: “you’re free to go but can I ask another question”

The state trooper here returned defendant’s paperwork to him and said to “have a nice day” and started back to the patrol car. But, he came back and asked if he could ask more questions. Even though the overhead lights were still on for safety reasons, that conversation was consensual including the admission there was methamphetamine in the truck and to search for it. Tibbetts v. State, 2017 WY 9, 2017 Wyo. LEXIS 9 (Feb. 1, 2017).

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Miami Herald: Ex-cop convicted of stealing from drivers during traffic stops

Miami Herald: Ex-cop convicted of stealing from drivers during traffic stop by David J. Neal:
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LA2: Arrest of def away from the premises where SW being served unreasonable under Bailey

Defendant was seen leaving the premises when police showed up with a search warrant. Then they went after him and stopped him a distance a way to return him to the scene of the search. The stop lacked reasonable suspicion and violates Bailey, and defendant’s alleged consent was a mere submission to authority. State v. Nelson, 2017 La. App. LEXIS 109 (La.App. 2 Cir. Feb. 1, 2017).

The owner of a lost dog looked all over for his dog, finding a lookalike on a rescue website. He went to defendant’s place when he got no responses to email. There he saw dogs held in bad conditions and he reported them to the Humane Society which obtained a warrant. The initial entry was a private search. State v. Smith, 2017-Ohio-359, 2017 Ohio App. LEXIS 374 (9th Dist. Jan. 31, 2017).*

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NY4: State didn’t prove stop justified for consent given in an interview room 4½ hrs later

At the suppression hearing from this 2001 stop, defendant consented in an interview room 4½ hrs after the stop to an officer who had nothing to do with the stop. The state didn’t prove the consent by failing to call the officer who made the stop. People v. Kendrick, 2017 NY Slip Op 00870, 2017 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 798 (4th Dept. Feb. 3, 2017).

The police received a 911 call about human trafficking or pimping, and stopped the car. The conversation corroborated the call, so the detention was with probable cause. United States v. Fykes, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1946 (10th Cir. Feb. 3, 2017).*

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CA10: Handcuffing and jailing an inebriated man as “incapacitated” violated the 4A and no QI

Plaintiff showed up at a concert at the Xfinity Center in Boston inebriated, but not so drunk he didn’t know what he was doing. Security separated him from the incoming line into the hands of the defendant, an off-duty officer working security there. He decided to handcuff defendant and take him in as “incapacitated.” Despite “Janis-like” state cases on detentions like these, federal case law is clear: Defendant was not a danger to himself or others, and he could not be jailed just because he was suspected to be “incapacitated,” which he wasn’t. No probable cause so no qualified immunity. Alfano v. Lynch, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1794 (1st Cir. Feb. 1, 2017):
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MD: A stop and a frisk have separate constitutional justifications; courts must confine Terry to its 4A mooring

This Terry stop failed reasonable suspicion and all tenets of Terry. [Subtext: Police are abusing Terry, and the courts have to control them.] Ames v. State, 2017 Md. App. LEXIS 121 (Feb. 3, 2017) (Moylan, J.) (caution: The Lexis version omits part of a paragraph from the slip opinion) (this case is a must read for defense lawyers, prosecutors, police, and trial and appellate judges):
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CA4: No QI for arrest w/o PC and pft held for 80 days; lack of PC was obvious

Plaintiff was held for 80 days on an arrest utterly without probable cause, and the officer has no qualified immunity. Smith v. Munday, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 1975 (4th Cir. Feb. 3, 2017):
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Foundation for Economic Education: Who Was the Founding Father of the Fourth Amendment?

Foundation for Economic Education: Who Was the Founding Father of the Fourth Amendment? by Gary M. Galles:
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OK: Off-duty out of jurisdiction officer could make a citizen’s arrest

An off-duty police officer was driving from Tulsa where he worked to neighboring Broken Bow in his police car when he was passed by defendant speeding. He didn’t take action until the driving got otherwise erratic, nearly hitting the concrete barrier after crossing two lanes of traffic. His stop was justified as a citizen’s arrest as supported by Oklahoma statute, albeit with lights from his patrol car, because she was a danger to herself or others. He was going to let Broken Bow PD handle it. The exclusionary rule should not be applied. State v. Keefe, 2017 OK CR 3, 2017 Okla. Crim. App. LEXIS 2 (Jan. 31, 2017):
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