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- NE: LEO’s statutory jurisdictional authority is not an unreasonable search and seizure question
- MA: Cell phone call logs don’t require a search warrant
- D.Kan.: Drug dog touching car door handle with nose isn’t unreasonable search
- D.N.M.: DEA’s failure to make a detailed inventory in violation of policy doesn’t require exclusion of evidence
- WaPo: These cities bar facial recognition tech. Police still found ways to access it.
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ABA Journal Web 100, Best Law Blogs (2017); ABA Journal Blawg 100 (2015-16) (discontinued 2018)
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by John Wesley Hall
Criminal Defense Lawyer and
Search and seizure law consultant
Little Rock, Arkansas
Contact: forhall @ aol.com / The Book
www.johnwesleyhall.com -
© 2003-24,
online since Feb. 24, 2003 Approx. 425,000 visits (non-robot) since 2012 Approx. 45,000 posts since 2003 (26,730+ on WordPress as of 12/31/23) -
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Fourth Amendment cases,
citations, and links -
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Congressional Research Service:
--Electronic Communications Privacy Act (2012)
--Overview of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (2012)
--Outline of Federal Statutes Governing Wiretapping and Electronic Eavesdropping (2012)
--Federal Statutes Governing Wiretapping and Electronic Eavesdropping (2012)
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"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't."
—Me -
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well."
–Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others) -
“I am still learning.”
—Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)). -
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud -
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848) -
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced."
—Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984). -
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence."
—Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961). -
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987). -
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today."
— Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting). -
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property."
—Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765) -
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment."
—United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting) -
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth."
—Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring). -
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable."
—Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987) -
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected."
—Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967) -
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.”
—United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting) -
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.”
—United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989) -
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need."
—Mick Jagger & Keith Richards -
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp] -
“You know, most men would get discouraged by now. Fortunately for you, I am not most men!”
---Pepé Le Pew "The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime."
—Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
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Monthly Archives: June 2019
PA: ID made as a result of warrantless search suppressed, but that which was seen before may be testified to
An officer’s identification made wholly as a result of a warrantless search renders that identification tainted and inadmissible. If, however, eyewitness identification of a defendant occurred prior to illegal conduct by law enforcement may be admissible, if based on observations … Continue reading
D.Minn.: A generic motion to suppress should be denied for telling the court nothing
“[F]ailure to affirmatively provide the Court with support for the motion as it relates to the warrant is a sufficient basis for denial of the motion.” Even so, the court goes to the merits and finds probable cause. United States … Continue reading
D.Ariz.: FTCA doesn’t provide a damages remedy for how SW executed
FTCA doesn’t provide a damages remedy for how a search warrant is executed. Lopez v. United States, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 102516 (D. Ariz. June 19, 2019) The officer’s body camera video showed one of the passengers wasn’t wearing a … Continue reading
D.Minn.: A vague allegation of no PC for SW is insufficient to get even a hearing; specifics needed
“Defendants’ earlier-filed motions fail to raise any specific deficiencies in the warrants, but rather generally allege that the warrants lack probable cause. Defendants have similarly failed to point to any specific shortcomings in the affidavits in support of each warrant. … Continue reading
Atlantic: Mass Surveillance Is Coming to a City Near You
Atlantic: Mass Surveillance Is Coming to a City Near You by Conor Friedersdorf: A tech entrepreneur wants to track the residents of a high-crime American community.
WSJ: The Next Big Privacy Concern Is Up in the Air
WSJ: The Next Big Privacy Concern Is Up in the Air Katy McLaughlin: As more drones take flight, wealthy homeowners grapple with how to shield themselves from prying eyes in the sky
Law360: Digital Data Privacy One Year After Carpenter
Law360: Digital Data Privacy One Year After Carpenter. (FYI: I don’t subscribe to Law360 so I can’t give more; it costs enough to post all this stuff because I pay for hosting and accept no advertising. I hate advertising.)
PA: Computer repair tech’s finding CP on computer was private search; police didn’t exceed it
Defendant took his computer in for repair. The computer tech determined the hard drive was failing, and he consented to replacement and moving the files. The tech found child porn and told the police. They came and their view of … Continue reading
NYTimes: Opinion: Facebook Under Oath: You Have No Expectation of Privacy
NYTimes: Opinion: Facebook Under Oath: You Have No Expectation of Privacy by Charlie Warzel: The social media giant thinks privacy is a you problem.
Law360: Border Phone Search Questions Continue In Fed. Court
Law360: Border Phone Search Questions Continue In Fed. Court: Can the federal government confiscate, search and retain your cellphone at the border for no reason at all?
Two reversed for lack of findings on suppression issues
The findings of the district court don’t support the conclusion, so the case is remanded for more findings. The police followed the alleged drunk driving defendant into his house. They had probable cause independent of the illegal entry. People v. … Continue reading
Bloomberg Law: Criminal Law Legend, Mueller Team Member Dreeben Leaving DOJ
Bloomberg Law: Criminal Law Legend, Mueller Team Member Dreeben Leaving DOJ by Jordan S. Rubin
NC: Going to back door after no answer in a knock-and-talk violates Jardines
Police went to do a knock-and-talk and nobody answered at the front door. Going to the back door, ostensibly as an extension of the knock-and-talk, violated curtilage under Jardines. What was seen went into a search warrant application, and it … Continue reading
KY: A court order doesn’t need to be titled “search warrant” to be considered one.
A court order doesn’t need to be titled “search warrant” to be considered one. The statute involved says a “search warrant” is required, but any court order issued on probable cause is valid. Whitlow v. Commonwealth, 2019 Ky. LEXIS 205 … Continue reading
CA3: Doing drug deals from the car parked behind the house was nexus
“Walker argues there was no evidence supporting the third Burton premise. We disagree, as several of the ‘factors that help establish the required nexus between a defendant’s drug-dealing activities and his home’ are present in this case. … Walker conducted … Continue reading
N.D.Ala.: Protective sweep of nearby shed on def’s arrest in wooded area valid
Defendant was arrested in an open wooded area, and the protective sweep of a shed near him was valid. United States v. Flanagan, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 100047 (N.D. Ala. May 29, 2019), adopted, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 99228 (N.D. … Continue reading
The Intercept: In Court, Facebook Blames Users for Destroying Their Own Right to Privacy
The Intercept: In Court, Facebook Blames Users for Destroying Their Own Right to Privacy by Sam Biddle: But only months after Zuckerberg first outlined his ‘privacy-focused vision for social networking’ in a 3,000-word post on the social network he founded, … Continue reading
USA Today: California could become first to limit facial recognition technology; police aren’t happy
USA Today: California could become first to limit facial recognition technology; police aren’t happy by Marco della Cava: State law enforcement officials here do not now employ the technology to scan those in the line of sight of officers. But … Continue reading