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- CA7: Jail officials holding plaintiff under a valid court order aren’t liable for not releasing him sooner after a sentencing error
- Volokh: Do Fourth Amendment Protections Change When Property Is Moved?
- M.D.Pa.: Def was neither shipper nor recipient of USPS parcel, so he had no standing in it
- WI: Obtaining def’s DNA by ruse wasn’t an illegal search
- WaPo: Apple, Google and Venmo fight new U.S. plan to monitor payment apps
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ABA Journal Web 100, Best Law Blogs (2017); ABA Journal Blawg 100 (2015-16) (discontinued 2018)
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by John Wesley Hall
Criminal Defense Lawyer and
Search and seizure law consultant
Little Rock, Arkansas
Contact: forhall @ aol.com / The Book
www.johnwesleyhall.com -
© 2003-24,
online since Feb. 24, 2003 Approx. 425,000 visits (non-robot) since 2012 Approx. 45,000 posts since 2003 (26,730+ on WordPress as of 12/31/23) -
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Congressional Research Service:
--Electronic Communications Privacy Act (2012)
--Overview of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (2012)
--Outline of Federal Statutes Governing Wiretapping and Electronic Eavesdropping (2012)
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Section 1983 Blog -
"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't."
—Me -
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well."
–Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others) -
“I am still learning.”
—Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)). -
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud -
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848) -
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced."
—Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984). -
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence."
—Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961). -
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987). -
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today."
— Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting). -
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property."
—Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765) -
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment."
—United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting) -
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth."
—Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring). -
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable."
—Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987) -
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected."
—Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967) -
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.”
—United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting) -
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.”
—United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989) -
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need."
—Mick Jagger & Keith Richards -
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp] -
“You know, most men would get discouraged by now. Fortunately for you, I am not most men!”
---Pepé Le Pew "The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime."
—Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
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Category Archives: Subpoenas / Nat’l Security Letters
NYTimes: U.S. Blinks in Clash With Twitter; Drops Order to Unmask Anti-Trump Account
NYTimes: U.S. Blinks in Clash With Twitter; Drops Order to Unmask Anti-Trump Account by Mike Isaac: Last month, the federal government issued a summons ordering Twitter to hand over information about an anonymous account that had posted messages critical of … Continue reading
NY: Grant of a SW is not appealable before execution
A court order approving a search warrant for Facebook records is not appealable under New York law. The court rejects that the SCA is more like a subpoena than a search warrant, and the rule has been long standing in … Continue reading
Ars Technica: Judge sides with Microsoft, allows “gag order” challenge to advance
Ars Technica: Judge sides with Microsoft, allows “gag order” challenge to advance by Cyrus Farivar Microsoft Corp. v. United States DOJ, 2017 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 18691 (W.D. Wash. Feb. 8, 2017) Court: “First Amendment rights may outweigh the Government interest … Continue reading
OR: Adm subpoena was within agency’s power; third party doctrine issue saved for later with better facts
The administrative subpoena issued here by the Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services was “squarely” within its statutory investigative power of regulating unregistered securities. “Given the factual and legal posture in which this issue arises, we resolve this case … Continue reading
OR: Def’s SDT for narrow computer files of alleged rape victim was reasonable when it pertained to credibility
Defendant was accused of rape, and the victim told others she had searched Google for information about rape under Oregon law shortly afterward. Defendant sought production of her Google search history to attempt to attack her credibility. The state could … Continue reading
E.D.Ky.: “Reasonable cause” for production of taxpayer information from the IRS in a public corruption investigation is less than PC
“Reasonable cause” for production of taxpayer information from the IRS in a public corruption investigation is less than “probable cause.” USMJ denial of order overruled. In re United States for Taxpayer Return Information, 2016 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 119895 (E.D.Ky. Sept. … Continue reading
TN: Administrative subpoena statute requires judicial enforcement, and that provides due process
The state unemployment office subpoenaed records from the plaintiff and it sued in state court under § 1983. The subpoena power is not unlimited and it is construed to comply with due process. Plaintiff refuses to comply, and the agency … Continue reading
DE: Subpoena for blood test results from hospital records reasonable
Defendant was involved in an auto accident and treated at a hospital where his blood was drawn. The state’s attorney sought the test results by subpoena not search warrant, and the court finds this reasonable. This is not a case … Continue reading
CA9: GJ subpoena for emails was unreasonably overbroad and should have been quashed
A grand jury subpoena for the Oregon former governor’s emails was overbroad and made no effort to limit the emails under investigation. Therefore, the district court should have quashed. In re Grand Jury Subpoena; United States v. Kitzhaber, 2016 U.S. … Continue reading
NJLJ: Federal Judge Holds Christie’s Phone Data Off-Limits in Bridgegate Case
NJLJ: Federal Judge Holds Christie’s Phone Data Off-Limits in Bridgegate Case by Charles Toutant: The federal judge hearing the Bridgegate criminal case has granted Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher’s motion to quash a subpoena by defense lawyers who sought to examine … Continue reading
CNS News: Liberal AG’s Climate Change Probes Abuse Fourth Amendment to Upend First Amendment
CNS News: Liberal AG’s Climate Change Probes Abuse Fourth Amendment to Upend First Amendment by Mark Fitzgibbons. A subpoena for 40 years of records from Exxon about the environment is somehow equated with the Second Amendment (¶ 3, 1st sent.). … Continue reading
VI: An investigative subpoena doesn’t have to specify who is under investigation, but it’s helpful to the recipient to identify records
An investigative subpoena doesn’t have to specify who is under investigation, but it’s helpful to the recipient to identify records. “[A] specific person has not yet been associated with the matter. In such cases, an investigative subpoena should generally describe … Continue reading
IL: GJ subpoena for palm prints in cold case didn’t violate Fourth Amendment
A grand jury subpoena was used to get defendant’s palm prints while he was in prison in 2004 to see whether he was connected to a 1997 murder. The grand jury subpoena did not violate the Fourth Amendment or the … Continue reading
techdirt: DOJ’s New Restrictions On Surveilling Journalists Contain Exception For National Security Letters
techdirt: DOJ’s New Restrictions On Surveilling Journalists Contain Exception For National Security Letters by Tim Cushing: In 2013, it was revealed the DOJ had added First Amendment-trampling to its always-cavalier treatment of the Fourth Amendment by gathering journalists’ phone records. … Continue reading
NYLJ: Judge Denies Suppression Bid but Cautions U.S. Prosecutors
NYLJ: Judge Denies Suppression Bid but Cautions U.S. Prosecutors by Andrew Keshner: Eastern District Judge Raymond Dearie refused to suppress information from grand jury subpoenas improperly demanding secrecy from their recipients, but warned prosecutors he wouldn’t rule out suppression or … Continue reading
NY Times: Prosecutors’ Secrecy Orders on Subpoenas Stir Constitutional Questions
NY Times: Prosecutors’ Secrecy Orders on Subpoenas Stir Constitutional Questions by Stephanie Clifford: Marked with an official seal, the federal subpoena arrived at the red brick offices of Zuccarello, Zerillo & Co., an accounting firm in Whitestone, Queens, in early … Continue reading
D.Md.: Gov’t justified its NSL in this case in classified filings; nondisclosure provision here survives First Amendment scrutiny
The government justified its NSL in this case in classified filings, which will be supplemented with redacted versions. The court finds that the nondisclosure requirement survives First Amendment scrutiny, but the government is required by the USA FREEDOM Act to … Continue reading
D.Md.: Ptf waived REP in bank records
The Right to Financial Privacy Act was passed in response to Miller, but bank customers can waive privacy in their account records during an investigation, aside from process being applied. Bond v. United States Postal Serv. Fed. Credit Union, 2015 … Continue reading
D.D.C.: SEC subpoena for company emails was narrow and complied with Fourth Amendment
An SEC subpoena was narrow and directed at company emails. It complied with the Fourth Amendment. The third party doctrine is not involved. United States SEC v. Karroum, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 164718 (D.D.C. Dec. 9, 2015). Petitioner raised a … Continue reading