Casinos could increasingly become part of a national debate on how to regulate and use biometric surveillance and related high-tech methods of data collection on gaming patrons.
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Defendant failed to satisfy his pleading burden under Franks about the omission of “several seemingly irrelevant details excluded from the affidavit” for which materiality isn’t attempted to be shown. United States v. Shaffer, 2019 U.S. App. LEXIS 20200 (6th Cir. July 8, 2019).
The stop was valid based on the officer’s observation that the windshield was cracked from one side to the other. United States v. Hackett, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 111735 (D. Mont. June 5, 2019).*
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Typo on a search warrant that it had to be executed the same day it was issued could be overlooked. It was issued mid-afternoon; it clearly didn’t require that the probable cause would cease to exist at 11:59 pm that same day. United States v. Wygant, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 112167 (W.D. Pa. July 8, 2019).
Defendant was followed for no apparent reason, but one wasn’t needed. The registration was expired so the car was stopped. While working on that, a drug dog was called, arrived, and alerted before the registration issue was resolved. Therefore, the dog sniff didn’t extend the stop. United States v. Betancourt, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 112302 (S.D. Ohio July 8, 2019).*
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According to a Virginia Gazette analysis of 511 search warrants digitized and filed in the Williamsburg-James City County Circuit Court since 2011, there has been a dramatic rise in the number of warrants issued to cell phone and internet service providers as well as big technology companies such as Google and Facebook.
Posted inCell phones, Social media warrants|Comments Off on Virginia Gazette: Police department searches of social media, cellphone data increasingly common
After a recent state report showed that, more than ever, black drivers in Missouri are more likely than whites to be pulled over by police, a Missouri House special committee will hold public hearings on the issue in Kansas City and St. Louis County.
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By making a few simple changes to your devices and accounts, you can maintain security against outside parties’ unwanted attempts to access your data as well as protect your privacy from those you don’t consent to sharing your information with. Getting started is easy. Here’s a guide to the few simple changes you can make to protect yourself and your information online.
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Studies have shown that facial recognition software can return more false matches for African-Americans than for white people, a sign of what experts call “algorithmic bias.”
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Defendant rented a hotel room and apparently was smoking marijuana in the room, and the neighboring renters complained. The hotel manager called the police to help evict, but no one came to the door. They went back to the front desk and the manager came back and unlocked the room. They did a protective sweep and no one was there. The officers went back to the office and the manager collected the things in the room. Drugs were found in the refrigerator. Defendant, having been lawfully evicted, lost his reasonable expectation of privacy in the room. United States v. Powell, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 112678 (E.D. Ky. June 21, 2019), adopted, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 113262 (E.D. Ky. July 9, 2019).
Defendant’s 2255 claim defense counsel was ineffective for not pursuing a motion to suppress is belied by the record. Defendant chose the favorable plea agreement over the uncertainty of a suppression hearing. Hamm v. United States, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 112057 (S.D. Ga. June 14, 2019)*
The FBI and ICE have turned state driver’s license databases into a facial-recognition gold mine, scanning through hundreds of millions of Americans’ photos without their knowledge or consent, newly released documents show.
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Random suspicionless drug testing of any probationer (even those from nondrug cases), satisfied the Fourth Amendment and state constitution under special needs. State v. Hinnenkamp, 2019 Kan. App. LEXIS 44 (July 5, 2019): Continue reading →
There is no reasonable expectation of privacy in jail calls to nonlawyers. The government didn’t show that defendants could even understand the warning in English on the phone, but it doesn’t matter. United States v. Reyes-Canales, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 111846 (D. Md. July 2, 2019).
The arrest warrant was issued on probable cause. Even if it wasn’t, there was good faith reliance on it which permits the search incident. The search warrant for his social media account and iPhone were issued on plenty of probable cause. His Franks challenge fails for lack of materiality. United States v. Parks, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 111121 (D. Md. July 3, 2019).*
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Defendant was unresponsive in a parked car with the engine running. “The officer’s knocking on Bridgeford’s vehicle window was within the scope of the officer’s community caretaking function. Because the officer was acting within his role as a community caretaker, the officer’s knocking on the window was not an impermissible trespass on Bridgeford’s property and was not an attempt to gather information which required a warrant.” Bridgeford v. Sorel, 2019 ND 153, 2019 N.D. LEXIS 163 (June 27, 2019).
The dog arrived at the traffic stop within minutes and the dog sniff was completed before the paperwork check was completed. The dog’s alert wasn’t shown on the video, but the officer testified the dog did, and that’s what the court finds. United States v. Turner, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 111162 (D. Me. July 3, 2019).*
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Amazon has responded to a letter of inquiry it received from U.S. Senator Chris Coons (D-DE) that asks the company to detail what happens to customers’ Alexa voice records and data after they speak to their virtual assistant. The Senator’s letter was prompted by a CNET investigation in May, which found that Amazon keeps voice records unless users manually delete them — and that it may keep text transcripts of those voice recordings indefinitely.
Posted inSurveillance technology|Comments Off on TechCrunch: Amazon responds to a US senator’s inquiry, confirms Alexa voice records are kept indefinitely
The government obtained a search warrant for defendant’s computer for 18 U.S.C. § 1960 and for operating an unlicensed Bitcoin exchange service. During the search, the officer found an image of child pornography. He stopped the search and applied for a search warrant. The affidavit and search warrant and search are valid, but the court goes on at length about the necessity of comprehensive ex ante review of search warrant materials in computer search cases to avoid oversearches. United States v. Stetkiw, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 111216 (E.D. Mich. July 3, 2019): Continue reading →
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"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't." —Me
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well." –Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others)
“I am still learning.” —Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)).
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848)
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced." —Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984).
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence." —Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961).
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987).
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today." — Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property." —Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765)
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment." —United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting)
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth." —Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring).
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable." —Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987)
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected." —Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967)
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.” —United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting)
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.” —United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989)
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need." —Mick Jagger & Keith Richards, Let it Bleed (album, 1969)
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp]
“Children grow up thinking the adult world is ordered, rational, fit for purpose. It’s crap. Becoming a man is realising that it’s all rotten. Realising how to celebrate that rottenness, that’s freedom.” – John le Carré, The Night Manager (1993), line by Richard Roper
"The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime." —Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
The book was dedicated in the first (1982) and sixth (2025) editions to Justin William Hall (1975-2025). He was three when this project started in 1978.