N.D.Ind.: PC doesn’t require actual showing of a crime

There was probable cause to stop defendant’s truck:

“Probable cause is ‘not a high bar.’ Kaley v. United States, 571 U.S. 320, 338, 134 S. Ct. 1090, 188 L. Ed. 2d 46 (2014). It ‘does not require an actual showing of criminal activity, or even that the existence of criminal activity is more likely true than not.’ … By definition, probable cause looks to probabilities—‘examining the totality of the circumstances in a common sense manner,’ …, and the ‘factual and practical considerations of everyday life on which reasonable and prudent men, not legal technicians, act.’ Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103, 121, 95 S. Ct. 854, 43 L. Ed. 2d 54 (1975) (quoting Brinegar v. United States, 338 U.S. 160, 175, 69 S. Ct. 1302, 93 L. Ed. 1879 (1949)). Probable cause is determined by reasonable conclusions drawn from the facts known to the officer at the time of the search or arrest. Maryland v. Pringle, 540 U.S. 366, 371, 124 S. Ct. 795, 157 L. Ed. 2d 769 (2003). A law enforcement officer may act based on firsthand observations. …” United States v. Hahn, 2021 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 88732 (N.D. Ind. May 10, 2021).*

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