NY2: Pawnbrokers are “pervasively regulated” under 4A

Pawnbrokers are “pervasively regulated” for consumer protection. City of Los Angeles v. Patel is way different because that industry was not so regulated. Collateral Loanbrokers Assn. of N.Y., Inc. v City of New York, 2019 NY Slip Op 09354, 2019 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 9417 (1st Dept. Dec. 26, 2019).

There was probable cause for the electronic devices despite the “any or all” language because it was limited to specific federal crimes. “The ‘any and all language,’ rather than being a fatal flaw, was merely explanatory of what the Government could seek within certain categories.” United States v. Holder, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 220455 (D. Colo. Dec. 21, 2019).

Report of a man with a gun led to defendant being stopped as he boarded a city bus in Newark. The court finds it was with reasonable suspicion based on reasonably corroborated citizen reports. United States v. Baker, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 220422 (D. N.J. Dec. 19, 2019).*

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