Defendant did not have an expectation of privacy in a cellphone left at a crime scene that was in another’s name. Alternatively, it was abandoned at the crime scene. United States v. Hanner, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 36296 (W.D. Pa. May 14, 2007):
From the unrebutted evidence presented during the suppression hearing, the following has been established by a preponderance of the evidence:
. Cricket cellular telephone 412-628-5290 was found by the police in the alleyway adjacent to the house and crime scene where Frank Helisek, Jr., had been shot on the night of January 19, 2004;
. The telephone subscriber records for Cricket cellular telephone 412-628-5290 reflect Derrick Maurer as the subscriber;
. The telephone subscriber records do not list Defendant Hanner as an authorized user of the subject telephone;
. The listed subscriber, Derrick Maurer, did not purchase this particular cellular telephone;
. The listed subscriber, Derrick Maurer, never gave permission or authorized Defendant Hanner to possess or use Cricket cellular telephone 412-628-5290;
. Periodically, Dena Berardi and/or Paul Cimino would contact Defendant Hanner at cellular telephone 412-628-5290; and
. With the exception of Khaliah Solomon, no one other than Defendant Hanner would answer cellular telephone 412-628-5290.
What remains unknown and without evidentiary support, however, is how Defendant Hanner came to be in possession of Cricket cellular telephone 412-628-5290 and/or whether Defendant Hanner was an authorized user of the phone.
. . .
Without any substantively meaningful evidence to support Defendant Hanner’s argument that he had a subjective expectation of privacy, one which society is prepared to recognize as “reasonable,” the Court finds that Defendant Hanner has not carried his burden to establish that he had a legitimate reasonable expectation of privacy in the Cricket cellular telephone 412-628-5290 and thus, he is foreclosed from challenging the warrantless search of the Cricket cellular telephone.
B. Abandonment
Assuming, arguendo, however, that Defendant Hanner has proven by a preponderance of the evidence that he had a legitimate reasonable expectation of privacy in the subject Cricket cellular telephone, his motion to suppress would still be denied. The police recovered the subject cellular telephone after Defendant Hanner voluntarily abandoned it; thus, Defendant Hanner relinquished any legitimate expectation of privacy that he may have had.
Excessive force in a jail on a pretrial detainee is governed by the Fourteenth Amendment, not the Fourth Amendment. Jenkins v. City of Clanton, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 36016 (M.D. Ala. March 7, 2007).*
Curfew stop resulted in defendant turning away and walking away from the police officer. The officer stopped him and frisked him, and the defendant spontaneously made admissions and drugs were found. The stop and frisk was legal. State v. A.L., 2007 Fla. App. LEXIS 7578 (2d Dist. May 18, 2007).*
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"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't." —Me
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well." –Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others)
“I am still learning.” —Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)).
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848)
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced." —Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984).
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence." —Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961).
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987).
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today." — Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property." —Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765)
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment." —United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting)
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth." —Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring).
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable." —Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987)
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected." —Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967)
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.” —United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting)
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.” —United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989)
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need." —Mick Jagger & Keith Richards, Let it Bleed (album, 1969)
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp]
“Children grow up thinking the adult world is ordered, rational, fit for purpose. It’s crap. Becoming a man is realising that it’s all rotten. Realising how to celebrate that rottenness, that’s freedom.” – John le Carré, The Night Manager (1993), line by Richard Roper
"The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime." —Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
The book was dedicated in the first (1982) and sixth (2025) editions to Justin William Hall (1975-2025). He was three when this project started in 1978.