LA5: Guns drawn during a stop not per se arrest

Officers stopped defendant with reasonable suspicion of drugs, and they blocked his car and approached with guns drawn. That was not a per se arrest. State v. Carter, 96 So. 3d 1283 (La. App. 5 Cir. 2012):

The vast majority of courts have held that police actions in blocking a suspect’s vehicle and approaching with weapons ready, and even drawn, does not constitute an arrest per se. United States v. Edwards, 53 F.3d 616, 619 (3rd Cir.1995). An investigatory stop necessarily involves an element of force or duress and the temporary restraint of a person’s freedom. There is the complete restriction of movement in an investigatory stop, but for a shorter period of time than an arrest. [citing cases] Investigatory stops may be accompanied by features normally associated with an arrest, i.e., use of drawn weapons. An investigatory stop is reasonable even when the police block a vehicle to prevent its occupant from leaving and approach with weapons ready or even drawn. [citing cases] Because an officer’s view of a suspect seated in a car is always partially obscured, the officer is at a disadvantage when he approaches the occupant. United States v. Edwards, 53 F.3d 616, 619 (3rd Cir.1995). Furthermore, guns and drugs frequently go hand-in-hand. State v. Warren, 05-2248, p. 18 (La.2/22/07), 949 So.2d 1215, 1229.

The juvenile was found on the street in a high crime area in violation of the curfew. He was patted down and a gun was found in his waistband. His sister testified that he was summoned from his porch and arrested. The juvenile court credited the officer’s version, and that’s the end of it. State in Interest of R.L., 95 So. 3d 1147 (La. App. 4 Cir. 2012).*