“Electronic data” in a search warrant permitted seizure of computers, although a second search warrant was required to get into them. United States v. Horn, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 82490 (E.D. Mich. September 10, 2009).*
The video of defendant’s driving showed reason for his stop, and the marijuana in the back seat was in plain view. United States v. Brooks, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 82449 (M.D. Ala. August 13, 2009).*
Officers’ testimony contradicted their reports, and the court lost confidence in their credibility as witnesses on the cause for the stop and the search after it, so the motion to suppress was granted. United States v. Coppin, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 82910 (N.D. Tex. September 11, 2009):
The court concludes that there are multiple inconsistencies between the officers’ stories, the arrest reports, and Cottingham’s testimony. These inconsistencies relate directly to the most important issues regarding the traffic stop: the reasonableness of the stop and credibility. The testimony was stated in such a way to justify or enhance the reason for the initial traffic stop. Regardless of the reasons for the multiple inconsistencies — that is, whether they are the result of poor report writing, lapse of memory because of passage of time, or misrepresentations — credibility is substantially undermined. The court has serious doubts that the officers had a reasonable suspicion that the occupants of the Town Car were involved in criminal activity at the time of the stop. These inconsistencies undermine the officers’ credibility to a degree that the court concludes that the government has not met its burden in showing that there was a reasonable basis for the traffic stop at its inception. As the stop was not justified, the court need not reach the parties’ arguments about whether Defendant had a privacy right in the car or whether he has standing to challenge the search. Accordingly, the court concludes that the evidence found during that traffic stop must be suppressed. The court grants Coppin’s Motion to Suppress Evidence and hereby suppresses the evidence obtained by the Dallas Police Department during the traffic stop on June 29, 2008.
Three vehicles showed up together on a lonely border road, and the officer stopped them. On the totality, there was reasonable suspicion for the stop and detention for smuggling at the border under Arvizu. The fact the stop was planned does not make it unreasonable. United States v. Seibel, 2009 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 82854 (D. Ariz. September 10, 2009):
Johnson’s supposed intent when he first began to approach Seibel’s vehicle does not provide a basis to conclude that Johnson manufactured the specific, articulable facts that, at the moment of seizure, support a finding of reasonable suspicion. Similarly, while the Court considers that Johnson may have been less than thorough in investigating all three vehicles, it does not change the conclusion that, at the moment of seizure, there was reasonable suspicion for Johnson to stop Seibel’s vehicle.
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"If it was easy, everybody would be doing it. It isn't, and they don't." —Me
"Life is not a matter of holding good cards, but of playing a poor hand well." –Josh Billings (pseudonym of Henry Wheeler Shaw), Josh Billings on Ice, and Other Things (1868) (erroneously attributed to Robert Louis Stevenson, among others)
“I am still learning.” —Domenico Giuntalodi (but misattributed to Michelangelo Buonarroti (common phrase throughout 1500's)).
"Love work; hate mastery over others; and avoid intimacy with the government."
—Shemaya, in the Thalmud
"It is a pleasant world we live in, sir, a very pleasant world. There are bad people in it, Mr. Richard, but if there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers."
—Charles Dickens, “The Old Curiosity Shop ... With a Frontispiece. From a Painting by Geo. Cattermole, Etc.” 255 (1848)
"A system of law that not only makes certain conduct criminal, but also lays down rules for the conduct of the authorities, often becomes complex in its application to individual cases, and will from time to time produce imperfect results, especially if one's attention is confined to the particular case at bar. Some criminals do go free because of the necessity of keeping government and its servants in their place. That is one of the costs of having and enforcing a Bill of Rights. This country is built on the assumption that the cost is worth paying, and that in the long run we are all both freer and safer if the Constitution is strictly enforced." —Williams v. Nix, 700 F. 2d 1164, 1173 (8th Cir. 1983) (Richard Sheppard Arnold, J.), rev'd Nix v. Williams, 467 US. 431 (1984).
"The criminal goes free, if he must, but it is the law that sets him free. Nothing can destroy a government more quickly than its failure to observe its own laws, or worse, its disregard of the charter of its own existence." —Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S. 643, 659 (1961).
"Any costs the exclusionary rule are costs imposed directly by the Fourth Amendment."
—Yale Kamisar, 86 Mich.L.Rev. 1, 36 n. 151 (1987).
"There have been powerful hydraulic pressures throughout our history that bear heavily on the Court to water down constitutional guarantees and give the police the upper hand. That hydraulic pressure has probably never been greater than it is today." — Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 39 (1968) (Douglas, J., dissenting).
"The great end, for which men entered into society, was to secure their property." —Entick v. Carrington, 19 How.St.Tr. 1029, 1066, 95 Eng. Rep. 807 (C.P. 1765)
"It is a fair summary of history to say that the safeguards of liberty have frequently been forged in controversies involving not very nice people. And so, while we are concerned here with a shabby defrauder, we must deal with his case in the context of what are really the great themes expressed by the Fourth Amendment." —United States v. Rabinowitz, 339 U.S. 56, 69 (1950) (Frankfurter, J., dissenting)
"The course of true law pertaining to searches and seizures, as enunciated here, has not–to put it mildly–run smooth." —Chapman v. United States, 365 U.S. 610, 618 (1961) (Frankfurter, J., concurring).
"A search is a search, even if it happens to disclose nothing but the bottom of a turntable." —Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 325 (1987)
"For the Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection. ... But what he seeks to preserve as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected." —Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 351 (1967)
“Experience should teach us to be most on guard to protect liberty when the Government’s purposes are beneficent. Men born to freedom are naturally alert to repel invasion of their liberty by evil-minded rulers. The greatest dangers to liberty lurk in insidious encroachment by men of zeal, well-meaning but without understanding.” —United States v. Olmstead, 277 U.S. 438, 479 (1925) (Brandeis, J., dissenting)
“Liberty—the freedom from unwarranted intrusion by government—is as easily lost through insistent nibbles by government officials who seek to do their jobs too well as by those whose purpose it is to oppress; the piranha can be as deadly as the shark.” —United States v. $124,570, 873 F.2d 1240, 1246 (9th Cir. 1989)
"You can't always get what you want / But if you try sometimes / You just might find / You get what you need." —Mick Jagger & Keith Richards, Let it Bleed (album, 1969)
"In Germany, they first came for the communists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for the Catholics and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a Catholic. Then they came for me–and by that time there was nobody left to speak up."
—Martin Niemöller (1945) [he served seven years in a concentration camp]
“Children grow up thinking the adult world is ordered, rational, fit for purpose. It’s crap. Becoming a man is realising that it’s all rotten. Realising how to celebrate that rottenness, that’s freedom.” – John le Carré, The Night Manager (1993), line by Richard Roper
"The point of the Fourth Amendment, which often is not grasped by zealous officers, is not that it denies law enforcement the support of the usual inferences which reasonable men draw from evidence. Its protection consists in requiring that those inferences be drawn by a neutral and detached magistrate instead of being judged by the officer engaged in the often competitive enterprise of ferreting out crime." —Johnson v. United States, 333 U.S. 10, 13-14 (1948)
The book was dedicated in the first (1982) and sixth (2025) editions to Justin William Hall (1975-2025). He was three when this project started in 1978.