{"id":52789,"date":"2022-07-15T05:28:13","date_gmt":"2022-07-15T10:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=52789"},"modified":"2022-07-15T09:12:06","modified_gmt":"2022-07-15T14:12:06","slug":"ca7-the-question-is-only-whether-the-officer-reasonably-believed-def-violated-the-law-not-whether-def-did","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=52789","title":{"rendered":"CA7: The question is only whether the officer reasonably believed def violated the law, not whether  def did"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u201c\u2018[T]he question \u2026 is whether [the officer] reasonably believed that he saw a traffic violation, not whether [the defendant] actually violated the [law].\u2019 Cole, 21 F.4th at 428.\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/media.ca7.uscourts.gov\/cgi-bin\/rssExec.pl?Submit=Display&amp;Path=Y2022\/D07-12\/C:21-2745:J:Brennan:aut:T:fnOp:N:2902618:S:0\">United States v. Yang<\/a>, 2022 U.S. App. LEXIS 19125 (7th Cir. July 12, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Defendant\u2019s \u201cobjections [to the R&amp;R] are minimal. He \u2018objects to the Magistrate [Judge]&#8217;s finding [that] there were other bases of probable cause to stop [the] vehicle\u2019 and that \u2018he lacked standing to challenge the search of his vehicle&#8221; because of any abandonment. Def.&#8217;s Objs. at 1-2. Rojas Duque cites no case law and makes no additional argument as to why Judge Larkins&#8217; findings or conclusions are erroneous.\u201d United States v. Duque, 2022 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 122055 (N.D. Ga. July 11, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether a Canadian seizure of documents and ultimate search in the United States violated the Fourth Amendment doesn\u2019t matter here because it would be harmless error. <a href=\"https:\/\/media.ca11.uscourts.gov\/opinions\/unpub\/files\/201912685.pdf\">United States v. Kachkar<\/a>, 2022 U.S. App. LEXIS 19124 (11th Cir. July 12, 2022).*<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201c\u2018[T]he question \u2026 is whether [the officer] reasonably believed that he saw a traffic violation, not whether [the defendant] actually violated the [law].\u2019 Cole, 21 F.4th at 428.\u201d United States v. Yang, 2022 U.S. App. LEXIS 19125 (7th Cir. July &hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=52789\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,97,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-burden-of-pleading","category-foreign-searches","category-reasonable-suspicion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52789"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52800,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52789\/revisions\/52800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}