{"id":8507,"date":"2013-08-13T07:33:50","date_gmt":"2013-03-20T09:33:40","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2013-03-20T09:33:40","slug":"en-US","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=8507","title":{"rendered":"CA11: PC for window tint violation enough for stop; immaterial the police usually ignore it"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The fact the Sheriff\u2019s Office \u201cdid not ordinarily issue citations for window tint violations is immaterial\u201d if there was, in fact, probable cause to believe there was a window tint violation. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ca11.uscourts.gov\/unpub\/ops\/201214142.pdf\">United States v. Parker<\/a>, 512 Fed. Appx. 991 (11th Cir. 2013)*: \t<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Moreover, Parker misconstrues Whren by asserting that the district court should have assessed the reasonableness of Joyce&#8217;s actions in order to determine if the probable cause requirement was met. Whren specifically states that while every Fourth Amendment case involves a reasonableness determination based on a balancing of relevant factors, absent rare exceptions, &#8220;the result of that balancing is not in doubt where the search or seizure is based upon probable cause.&#8221; 517 U.S. at 817. None of the exceptions are applicable to Parker&#8217;s case, since the search could not be described as extraordinary, or unusually harmful to his privacy or physical interests. Id. The fact that the Hillsborough County Sheriff&#8217;s Office did not ordinarily issue citations for window tint violations is immaterial. As noted by the district court, the only relevant inquiry is whether the officer&#8217;s conduct was objectively reasonable, regardless of his subjective intent or motives. See id. at 813-14 (whether the officer&#8217;s conduct deviated materially from usual police practices, so that a reasonable officer under similar circumstances would not have made the stop, is a subjective consideration).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>b2evALnk.b2WPAutP <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=8507\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"pingsdone","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8507","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8507","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8507"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8507\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8507"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8507"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8507"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}