{"id":7787,"date":"2012-10-02T21:18:04","date_gmt":"2012-10-02T21:18:04","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2012-10-02T21:18:04","slug":"en-US","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=7787","title":{"rendered":"NYTimes: &#8220;Judge Rules That Mass Arrests at a 2004 Protest Were Illegal&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>NYTimes: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/10\/02\/nyregion\/protesters-arrests-during-2004-gop-convention-are-ruled-illegal.html?src=recg%20%20\">Judge Rules That Mass Arrests at a 2004 Protest Were Illegal<\/a> by Ruth Fremson:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>A federal judge has ruled that the New York Police Department illegally arrested large numbers of demonstrators at a protest in Lower Manhattan during the 2004 Republican National Convention. But the judge upheld aspects of how the city had handled the protesters\u2019 arrests. <\/p>\n<p>The judge, Richard J. Sullivan of Federal District Court, said that the city had lacked the required probable cause because the police were unaware of whether each individual protester had broken the law. <\/p>\n<p>\u201cAn individual\u2019s participation in a lawbreaking group may, in appropriate circumstances, be strong circumstantial evidence of that individual\u2019s own illegal conduct,\u201d the judge wrote in a 32-page opinion. \u201cBut, no matter the circumstances,\u201d he added, \u201can arresting officer must believe that every individual arrested personally violated the law. Nothing short of such a finding can justify arrest. The Fourth Amendment does not recognize guilt by association.\u201d <\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>b2evALnk.b2WPAutP <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=7787\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"pingsdone","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7787"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7787\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}