{"id":6392,"date":"2012-02-26T08:07:02","date_gmt":"2011-12-11T08:33:10","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2011-12-11T08:33:10","slug":"en-US","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=6392","title":{"rendered":"WA explains attenuation as to witnesses"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Police violated defendant\u2019s constitutional privacy rights by looking at a hotel registry, but the witnesses&#8217; testimony was attenuated from it. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.courts.wa.gov\/opinions\/index.cfm?fa=opinions.showOpinion&amp;filename=389207MAJ\">State v. Smith<\/a>, 165 Wn. App. 296, 266 P.3d 250 (2011):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Relevant factors we consider in determining whether the witness&#8217;s testimony is sufficiently attenuated from the police misconduct are: (1) the length of the \u201croad\u201d between the unlawful police conduct and the witness&#8217;s testimony; (2) the degree of free will the witness exercised; and (3) whether exclusion would permanently disable the witness from testifying about relevant and material facts, even though her testimony might be unrelated to the original illegal search\u2019s purpose or the evidence discovered during it. <a href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_case?case=16575577244261427365&amp;q=666+P.2d+941&amp;hl=en&amp;as_sdt=2,4\">State v. Childress<\/a>, 35 Wn. App. 314, 316, 666 P.2d 941, review denied, 100 Wn.2d 1031 (1983). Additional factors we consider to determine attenuation between police misconduct and witness testimony are: (1) the witnesses\u2019 stated willingness to testify; (2) the role the illegally-seized evidence played  in gaining the witnesses\u2019 cooperation; (3) the proximity between the illegal behavior, the witnesses\u2019 decisions to cooperate, and the actual trial testimony; and (4) the police motivation in conducting the search. <a href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_case?case=3272684645108085982&amp;q=782+P.2d+1093&amp;hl=en&amp;as_sdt=2,4\">State v. Stone<\/a>, 56 Wn. App. 153, 162, 782 P.2d 1093 (1989) &#8230; <\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>b2evALnk.b2WPAutP <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/?p=6392\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"pingsdone","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6392"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6392\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/fourthamendment.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}