Category Archives: Trespass

S.D.Ohio: City’s mowing unkempt yard wasn’t 4A violatoin

The city’s coming on to a sovereign citizen’s yard to mow it when he refused did not violate the Fourth Amendment. Prows v. City of Oxford, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 177976 (S.D. Ohio Sep. 30, 2024).* Defendant’s motion for return … Continue reading

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MT: Entry onto def’s rural land past “Posted” and “No Trespassing” signs to issue a traffic citation was unreasonable

Entry onto defendant’s rural land past “Posted” and “No Trespassing” signs to issue a traffic citation was unreasonable. Montanans have a heightened expectation of privacy in their posted rural lands. State v. Lanchantin, 2024 MT 129 (June 18, 2024). Defendant’s … Continue reading

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D.Kan.: Drug dog touching car door handle with nose isn’t unreasonable search

The drug dog touching the vehicle door handle with its nose was not an unreasonable search. United States v. Green, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 88401 (D. Kan. May 16, 2024). Defendant’s 2255 wasn’t timely. “Even if Williams’s motion were timely, … Continue reading

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N.D.Iowa: Drug dog sticking his nose in the open window of car was a search, and here without PC

The drug dog’s sticking his nose in the open window of defendant’s car was a search, and here without probable cause. United States v. Handley, 2024 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 64531 (N.D. Iowa Apr. 9, 2024). This search warrant is particular … Continue reading

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W.D.Tex.: No REP in tent where def was trespassing

Where defendant was staying in a tent on TXDOT property with no trespassing signs, he had no reasonable expectation of privacy when an officer opened the tent flap and saw marijuana and a gun. He was a felon in possession. … Continue reading

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N.D.Ala.: By the time the drug dog entered the car, there already was PC

The drug dog entered the car on the second attempt. But defendant left the door open, and the smell of marijuana was evident. The officer held the dog back in case there was something hazardous in the car. Still, not … Continue reading

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D.D.C.: Merely touching a car trying to see inside it with a flashlight wasn’t a trespass

Police touching defendant’s car when the police looked in it and saw a gun wasn’t a trespass under Jones, and then they forced their way in. Jones involved installing a tracking device on the car. This is not a “ringing … Continue reading

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IL: Dog’s alert before trespass on the car meant GFE applied

Where the dog indicated an alert almost immediately and before the dog trespassed on the car, the officer had probable cause, and the good faith exception would be applied. People v. Kendricks, 2023 IL App (4th) 230179, 2023 Ill. App. … Continue reading

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MI: Long Lake Twp. v. Maxon drone case argued today

The Traverse City MI drone flyover case goes before the Michigan Supreme Court today at 10 am ET. The oral argument link: 164948 Long Lake Township v Todd Maxon. See, e.g., Law360: Mich. Top Court To Decide If Drone Searches … Continue reading

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AR: Dog alerted outside before it went in open door to sniff again

A drug dog alerted on defendant’s car before the dog approached an open door and sniffed inside, too. The outside alert made the inside alert reasonable. Fleming v. State, 2023 Ark. App. 439 (Oct. 4, 2023). Officers received an anonymous … Continue reading

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N.D.Iowa: Drug dog breaking plane of the car window is a trespass and entry without PC

The drug dog broke the plane of the window, and that’s a trespass. There was no probable cause at that point, and the R&R is rejected. The motion to suppress is granted. United States v. Buescher, 2023 U.S. Dist. LEXIS … Continue reading

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D.Nev.: Clearly established state statute doesn’t translate to clearly established constitutional law

Clearly established state statute doesn’t translate to clearly established constitutional law for § 1983 qualified immunity purposes. Brown v. Tromba, 2023 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 149020 (D. Nev. Aug. 23, 2023).* “In their reply brief the OSA Defendants cite cases concerning … Continue reading

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ID: Drug dog putting feet on car door and window during stiff was a trespass on the chattel and the search should have been suppressed

A warrantless Fourth Amendment “search” occurred when the police drug-sniffing dog trespassed against defendant’s vehicle for the purpose of obtaining information about, or related to, the vehicle. When the dog approached the driver’s side on his second pass, he clearly … Continue reading

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CA9: Chalking tires not a 4A violation

Disagreeing with the Sixth Circuit, the Ninth holds that chalking tires does not violate the Fourth Amendment. It was going on for nearly a century before anyone challenged it. Verdun v. City of San Diego, 2022 U.S. App. LEXIS 29803 … Continue reading

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N.D.Ind.: Passenger has no standing in a stolen car, even if he doesn’t know it’s stolen

Defendant has no standing in a stolen car he is a passenger in, even if he doesn’t know it’s stolen. Also, a key-locked safe in the car could be opened under inventory even though the policy doesn’t talk about it. … Continue reading

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ID: Drug dog’s nose through a car window before alerting is a search and a Jones trespass

A drug dog’s nose through a car window before alerting is a search and a Jones trespass. De minimis, yet, but still a trespass. There was no probable cause for the automobile exception, and the state waived standing by not … Continue reading

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CT: State const. protects against dog sniffs outside motel room doors

There is a privacy interest against a drug dog being employed in a motel hallway looking for drugs in rooms under the Connecticut Constitution. The court had previously found one in apartment buildings. The citizenry wouldn’t accept free wheeling dog … Continue reading

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NE: Continuing stop past end of mission of stop was without consent

Once the mission of the traffic stop should have ended, the officer continued questioning and sought consent. The consent was not voluntary. State v. Thompson, 30 Neb. App. 135, 2021 Neb. App. LEXIS 223 (Sept. 14, 2021). Touching the hood … Continue reading

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CA2 en banc: Directions to a suspect don’t make a stop a search without a trespass or an intrusion into a REP

CA2 en banc, summary by the court (8-3): “This case presents what is, in some respects, a familiar question: whether a police officer’s pat-down search of a suspect for weapons was reasonable under the Fourth Amendment. Based on the facts … Continue reading

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CNS: Michigan city defends tire-chalking policy at Sixth Circuit

Courthouse News Service: Michigan city defends tire-chalking policy at Sixth Circuit by Kevin Koeninger (“The federal appeals court heard debate for the second time over whether chalking the tires of a parked car is an unconstitutional search under the Fourth … Continue reading

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